The global brain is a metaphor for the worldwide intelligent
network formed by all the individuals of this planet, together with the
information and communication technologies that connect them into a self-organizing whole. As the internet
becomes faster, more intelligent, and more encompassing, it
increasingly ties us together into a single information processing
system, which functions like a nervous system for the planet Earth. The intelligence of this network is collective or distributed: it is not centralized or localized in any particular individual, organization or computer system. It rather emerges from the dynamic networks of interactions between its components, a property typical of complex adaptive systems.[1]
The World-wide web in particular resembles the organization of a brain with its webpages (playing a role similar to neurons) connected by hyperlinks (playing a role similar to synapses), together forming an associative network along which information propagates.[2] This analogy becomes stronger with the rise of social media, such as Facebook, where links between personal pages represent relationships in a social network along which information propagates from person to person.[3] Such propagation is similar to the spreading activation that neural networks in the brain use to process information in a parallel, distributed manner.
Although the underlying ideas are much older, the term "global brain" was coined in 1982 by Peter Russell in his book The Global Brain.[4] How the Internet might be developed to achieve this was set out in 1986 .[5] The first peer-refereed article on the subject was written by Mayer-Kress and Barczys in 1995,[6] while the first algorithms that could turn the world-wide web into a collectively intelligent network were proposed by Francis Heylighen and Johan Bollen in 1996.[2][7]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_brain
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